Overview of Human Anatomy and Physiology The human body has 206 bones,[1] more than 600 muscles,[2] and a wide network of organs and blood vessels. All of these parts work together, with each cell playing its own role to keep us alive. Two main fields help us understand how our bodies function: physiology, which looks … Read more
Why Muscle Anatomy Matters Skeletal muscles make up about 40% of an adult’s body weight.[1] They work together in groups, contracting and relaxing in specific patterns controlled by the nervous system to create all voluntary movements, from blinking to sprinting.[1] Knowing muscle anatomy is crucial for healthcare professionals when planning surgeries, diagnosing nerve injuries, developing … Read more
Human skeleton anatomy describes the bones inside our body that give us shape and support. The skeleton helps us stand, sit, walk, and move. It also protects important organs like the brain, heart, and lungs.[1][3] Overview of Human Bone Anatomy At birth, a human baby has roughly 270 to 300 bones.[2] As we grow, some … Read more
Overview of Brain Anatomy The brain is a part of the control center of your body. It manages everything from your thoughts and emotions to your movements and memories. It also controls functions like breathing, heartbeat, and body temperature, running without you even noticing. Every part of who you are—your personality, reactions, and decisions—starts in … Read more
Overview of Human Spine Anatomy The human spine plays one of the most vital roles in the human body. It supports posture, enables movement, and protects the spinal cord.[1] It also forms the main communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body, helping the brain control movement, sensation, reflexes, and vital body … Read more
Overview of Leg Anatomy The legs are a part of the lower limbs of the human body, located between the knee and ankle. They play a vital role in supporting body weight and maintaining balance.[1] It also enables movement such as standing, walking, running, climbing, and even complex activities like dancing or jumping.[1] The parts … Read more
Overview of Hand Anatomy The human hand is one of the most important and versatile parts of the upper limb.[1] It is designed for both strength and precision, allowing us to feel, grasp, hold, and move objects with remarkable control.[1] From performing powerful actions like lifting or climbing to delicate tasks such as writing, typing, … Read more
Overview of Arm Anatomy The upper extremity, or arm, is a vital part of the human body that enables us to lift, hold, and move objects.[1] The human arm anatomy consists of three main parts: the upper arm, forearm, and hand. It stretches from the shoulder to the fingers and includes 30 bones in the … Read more
Medical imaging is an important part of modern healthcare, especially when diagnosing, staging, and monitoring cancer. Two of the most commonly used imaging tests are PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scans and CT (Computed Tomography) scans. Although these tests are often performed together, they serve different purposes. A CT scan creates detailed images of the body’s … Read more
Choosing the right imaging test is an important step in finding the cause of a health problem. If your doctor has recommended a CT scan or an MRI, you may be wondering what makes these tests different and why one is better suited for your condition. While both create detailed images of the inside of … Read more
Overview of Cervical Spine Anatomy The cervical spine, also called the neck, is the upper part of your spine.[1] The cervical spine anatomy consists of seven small bones called cervical vertebrae, labeled C1-C7.[1][2] These bones support your head and allow your neck to move.[3][1] The first two cervical vertebrae are special. The first one, C1, … Read more
Do you suffer from lower back pain or lumbago? You’re not alone. Lower back pain is a common issue that can affect anyone, regardless of age, lifestyle, or past injuries.[1] It often develops without warning and is not always linked to a specific cause or risk factor.[2] In many cases, the pain is not serious … Read more
Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the United States.[1] Emerging evidence indicates that women may experience distinct patterns of lower back pain relative to men—particularly those related to the menstrual cycle, hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, and gynecological conditions.[2] Certain causes of lower back pain are unique to individuals with the … Read more
Overview of Lower Back Pain Treatments Back pain is something many of us will experience at some point in our lives. The good news is that most cases aren’t serious and are often caused by a simple muscle or ligament strain.[1] The main goals of lower back pain treatments are to ease the pain and … Read more
Overview of Lower Back Pain Causes Lower back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability (YLDs) globally, as confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO).[1] According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, published in The Lancet Rheumatology, LBP affected 619 million people worldwide in 2020, with projections reaching 843 … Read more