Daniel E. Lieberman
Do you suffer from lower back pain or lumbago? You’re not alone. Lower back pain is a common issue that can affect anyone, regardless of age, lifestyle, or past injuries. It often develops without warning and isn’t always linked to a specific cause or risk factor. In many cases, the pain isn’t serious and may … Read more
Have you noticed that lower back pain tends to affect women more often than men? For many, it’s not just a minor ache—it can signal an underlying health condition. Certain causes of lower back pain in women are unique and individuals with a menstrual cycle. These include factors related to pregnancy, endometriosis, menstrual changes, and … Read more
Overview of Lower Back Pain Causes There are many lower back pain causes. It often appears after specific movements like lifting, bending, or twisting. Age also plays an important role, as our spines naturally change over time. As we get older, the structures in our spine—discs, joints, and muscles—undergo degenerative changes. These changes can begin … Read more
Overview of Thyroid Anatomy The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped organ in the front of the neck. It sits in the middle, just over the windpipe (trachea), and stretches from the C5 to T1 vertebrae in the spine. This gland makes important hormones—thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and calcitonin. These helps control how the … Read more
Overview of Brain Anatomy The brain is a part of control center of your body. It manages everything from your thoughts and emotions to your movements and memories. It also controls functions like breathing, heartbeat, and body temperature running without you even noticing. Every part of who you are—your personality, reactions, and decisions—starts in your … Read more
Overview of Cerebrum Anatomy The cerebrum, also known as the telencephalon or forebrain, is the largest and most superior part of the human brain. It plays a central role in voluntary movement, thinking, learning, emotions, and memory. Structurally, cerebrum anatomy is divided into two C-shaped hemispheres—left and right—separated by a deep groove called the longitudinal … Read more
Overview of Basal Ganglia Anatomy The basal ganglia, also known as the basal nuclei, are a group of deep brain structures located in the lower part of the forebrain, near the midbrain. These structures are present in all vertebrates and play an important role in how the brain controls movement and behavior. In humans, the … Read more
Overview of Lobes of the Brain The brain, along with the spinal cord, forms the central nervous system (CNS), which controls most body activities. It is the most intricate organ, made up of many parts that work together to manage everything from basic survival functions to complex thinking. The brain has three main sections: the … Read more
Overview of Spine Anatomy The human spine is one of the most important structures in the human body. It provides support, allows for movement, and protects the spinal cord. It serves as the primary pathway for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Through this network of nerves, the brain controls movements, … Read more
Overview of Liver Anatomy and Physiology The liver is a vital organ found only in vertebrate animals. It plays a key role in keeping the body healthy by detoxifying harmful substances, producing proteins, and making essential chemicals needed for digestion and growth. In humans, the liver is located in the upper right part of the … Read more