Wojciech Pawlina

Overview of Neck Muscle Anatomy The neck muscle anatomy contains several muscles that help move the head in different directions. These muscles are grouped based on their location in the neck: the front (anterior), side (lateral), and back (posterior) areas. Each group of muscles has specific roles depending on where they are and how deep … Read more

Overview of Spine Anatomy The human spine is one of the most important structures in the human body. It provides support, allows for movement, and protects the spinal cord. It serves as the primary pathway for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Through this network of nerves, the brain controls movements, … Read more

Overview of Hip Muscle Anatomy The hip joint muscles are necessary for moving, stabilizing the body, and allowing a wide range of motions. Hip muscle anatomy consists of four main categories based on their location and function: the gluteal group, lateral rotator group, adductor group, and iliopsoas group. Seventeen main muscles comprise these groups, but … Read more

Overview of Hip Bone Anatomy The hip bone, or os coxae, is a large, irregular bone that forms the base of the lower limb. The main functions of the hip bone are to support the body’s weight when standing and provide a base for leg movement. It connects to the spine at the sacroiliac joint … Read more

Overview of Rib Cage Anatomy The rib cage is an essential body element that protects the heart and lungs. It creates the chest area known as the thorax, which comprises ribs, the sternum, and a portion of the spine. The rib cage anatomy has 24 ribs, 12 on each side, as well as 12 vertebrae, … Read more

Overview of Forearm Anatomy The forearm is the part of your arm between your elbow and wrist. It is the lower part of your arm. Forearm anatomy consists of various bones, muscles, joints, and nerves. Inside the forearm are two bones called the radius and ulna, connected by an elastic tissue called the interosseous membrane. … Read more

Overview of Femur Anatomy The femur, or thigh bone, is the main bone in your thigh. It connects your hip to your knee and is your body’s largest and strongest bone. In animals with four legs, it is the upper bone in the back leg. The femur anatomy has several parts: the shaft, head, neck, … Read more

Overview of Leg Anatomy The legs are the lower limbs of the human body, located between the hips and the feet. They play a vital role in supporting body weight and maintaining balance. It also enables movement such as standing, walking, running, climbing, and even complex activities like dancing or jumping. The parts of leg … Read more

Overview of Knee Anatomy Your knees are crucial joints, connecting your thigh with your leg. The knee anatomy consists of a tibiofemoral joint & patellofemoral joint: one joins your thigh bone (femur) with your shinbone (tibia), and the other connects your thigh bone with the kneecap (patella). These joints allow various activities like walking, running, … Read more

Overview of Shoulder Anatomy The human shoulder anatomy has three bones: the collarbone, shoulder blade, and upper arm bone. These bones are connected by joints, with the main one being the shoulder joint or glenohumeral joint. Other joints, like the acromioclavicular joint, are also part of the shoulder. The shoulder joint allows circular rotation and … Read more