Overview of Liver Anatomy and Physiology The liver is a vital organ found only in vertebrate animals.[1] It plays a key role in keeping the body healthy by detoxifying harmful substances, producing proteins, and making essential chemicals needed for digestion and growth.[1][2][3] In humans, the liver is located in the upper right part of the … Read more

Overview of Hip Muscle Anatomy The hip joint muscles are necessary for moving, stabilizing the body, and allowing a wide range of motions.[1] Hip muscle anatomy consists of four main categories based on their location and function: the gluteal group, lateral rotator group, adductor group, and iliopsoas group.[1] Seventeen main muscles comprise these groups, but … Read more

Overview of Hip Bone Anatomy The hip bone, or os coxae, is a large, irregular bone that forms the base of the lower limb.[1] The main functions of the hip bone are to support the body’s weight when standing and provide a base for leg movement.[1][2] It connects to the spine at the sacroiliac joint … Read more

Overview of Skull Anatomy The skull is a complex, protective structure made of bone.[1] It is essential for safeguarding the brain and supporting various sensory functions.[1] The skull anatomy is divided into two main sections: the cranium, which encloses and shields the brain, and the facial bones, including the mandible or jawbone, that shape the … Read more

Overview of Anatomy of the Kidney In the human anatomy, the kidneys are vital, bean-shaped organs that keep our body healthy by filtering blood and managing fluid balance.[1] Kidney anatomy consists of a renal capsule, cortex, hilum, fascia, perirenal fats, medulla, pyramid, column, papillae, etc.[2] Every day, they process around 200 quarts of fluid, similar … Read more

Overview of Rib Cage Anatomy The rib cage is an essential body element that protects the heart and lungs.[1] It creates the chest area known as the thorax, which comprises ribs, the sternum, and a portion of the spine.[5] The rib cage anatomy has 24 ribs, 12 on each side, as well as 12 vertebrae, … Read more

Overview of Forearm Anatomy The forearm is the part of your arm between your elbow and wrist and it is the lower part of your arm.[1] Forearm anatomy consists of various bones, muscles, joints, and nerves.[1] Inside the forearm are two bones called the radius and ulna,[2][3] connected by an elastic tissue called the interosseous … Read more

Overview of Femur Anatomy The femur, or thigh bone, is the main bone in your thigh.[1] It connects your hip to your knee and is your body’s largest and strongest bone.[1][2] In animals with four legs, it is the upper bone in the back leg. The femur anatomy has several parts: the shaft, head, neck, … Read more

Overview of Leg Anatomy The legs are a part of the lower limbs of the human body, located between the knee and ankle. They play a vital role in supporting body weight and maintaining balance.[1] It also enables movement such as standing, walking, running, climbing, and even complex activities like dancing or jumping.[1] The parts … Read more

Overview of Tongue Anatomy The tongue is a muscle in your mouth that helps you eat, talk, and taste food.[1] It is covered with tiny bumps called taste buds, which enable you to perceive sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami flavors.[2][3] The tongue helps move food around so you can chew and swallow.[1] It also … Read more